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Help: Add presets documentation and release notes

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Kyle Edwards 5 years ago
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  1. 5
      Help/manual/cmake-gui.1.rst
  2. 368
      Help/manual/cmake.1.rst
  3. 5
      Help/release/dev/cmake-presets.rst

5
Help/manual/cmake-gui.1.rst
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@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Synopsis
cmake-gui [<options>]
cmake-gui [<options>] {<path-to-source> | <path-to-existing-build>}
cmake-gui [<options>] -S <path-to-source> -B <path-to-build>
cmake-gui [<options>] -S <path-to-source> --preset=<preset-name>
Description
===========
@ -36,6 +37,10 @@ Options
If the directory doesn't already exist CMake will make it.
``--preset=<preset-name>``
Name of the preset to use from the project's ``CMakePresets.json`` file, if it
has one.
.. include:: OPTIONS_HELP.txt
See Also

368
Help/manual/cmake.1.rst
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@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ Synopsis
cmake [<options>] <path-to-source>
cmake [<options>] <path-to-existing-build>
cmake [<options>] -S <path-to-source> -B <path-to-build>
cmake [<options>] -S <path-to-source> --preset=<preset-name>
`Build a Project`_
cmake --build <dir> [<options>] [-- <build-tool-options>]
@ -148,6 +149,368 @@ source and build trees and generate a buildsystem:
$ cmake -S src -B build
``cmake [<options>] -S <path-to-source> --preset=<preset-name>``
Uses ``<path-to-source>`` as the source tree and reads a preset from
``<path-to-source>/CMakePresets.json`` and
``<path-to-source>/CMakeUserPresets.json``. The preset specifies the
generator and the build directory, and optionally a list of variables and
other arguments to pass to CMake. The :manual:`CMake GUI <cmake-gui(1)>` can
also recognize ``CMakePresets.json`` and ``CMakeUserPresets.json`` files.
``CMakePresets.json`` and ``CMakeUserPresets.json`` have exactly the same
format, and both are optional (though at least one must be present if
``--preset`` is specified.) ``CMakePresets.json`` is meant to save
project-wide builds, while ``CMakeUserPresets.json`` is meant for developers
to save their own local builds. ``CMakePresets.json`` may be checked into a
version control system, and ``CMakeUserPresets.json`` should NOT be checked
in. For example, if a project is using Git, ``CMakePresets.json`` may be
tracked, and ``CMakeUserPresets.json`` should be added to the ``.gitignore``.
The presets are read before all other command line options. The options
specified by the preset (variables, generator, etc.) can all be overridden by
manually specifying them on the command line. For example, if the preset sets
a variable called ``MYVAR`` to ``1``, but the user sets it to ``2`` with a
``-D`` argument, the value ``2`` is preferred.
The files are a JSON document with an object as the root:
.. code-block:: json
{
"version": 1,
"cmakeMinimumRequired": {
"major": 3,
"minor": 19,
"patch": 0
},
"configurePresets": [
{
"name": "default",
"displayName": "Default Config",
"description": "Default build using Ninja generator",
"generator": "Ninja",
"binaryDir": "${sourceDir}/build/default",
"cacheVariables": [
{
"name": "MY_CACHE_VARIABLE",
"type": "BOOL",
"value": "OFF"
}
]
}
]
}
The root object recognizes the following fields:
``version``
A required integer representing the version of the JSON schema. Currently,
the only supported version is 1.
``cmakeMinimumRequired``
An optional object representing the minimum version of CMake needed to
build this project. This object consists of the following fields:
``major``
An optional integer representing the major version.
``minor``
An optional integer representing the minor version.
``patch``
An optional integer representing the patch version.
``vendor``
An optional map containing vendor-specific information. CMake does not
interpret the contents of this field except to verify that it is a map if
it does exist. However, the keys should be a vendor-specific domain name
followed by a ``/``-separated path. For example, the Example IDE 1.0 could
use ``example.com/ExampleIDE/1.0``. The value of each field can be anything
desired by the vendor, though will typically be a map. For example:
.. code-block:: json
{
"version": 1,
"vendor": {
"example.com/ExampleIDE/1.0": {
"autoFormat": true
}
},
"configurePresets": []
}
``configurePresets``
An optional array of configure preset objects. Each preset may contain the
following fields:
``name``
A required string representing the machine-friendly name of the preset.
This identifier is used in the ``--preset`` argument. There must not be
two presets in the union of ``CMakePresets.json`` and
``CMakeUserPresets.json`` in the same directory with the same name.
``hidden``
An optional boolean specifying whether or not a preset should be hidden.
If a preset is hidden, it cannot be used in the ``--preset=`` argument,
will not show up in the :manual:`CMake GUI <cmake-gui(1)>`, and does not
have to have a valid ``generator`` or ``binaryDir``, even from
inheritance. ``hidden`` presets are intended to be used as a base for
other presets to inherit via the ``inherits`` field.
``inherits``
An optional array of strings representing the names of presets to inherit
from. The preset will inherit all of the fields from the ``inherits``
presets by default (except ``name``, ``hidden``, ``inherits``,
``description``, and ``longDescription``), but can override them as
desired. If multiple ``inherits`` presets provide conflicting values for
the same field, the earlier preset in the ``inherits`` list will be
preferred. Presets in ``CMakePresets.json`` may not inherit from presets
in ``CMakeUserPresets.json``.
This field can also be a string, which is equivalent to an array
containing one string.
``vendor``
An optional map containing vendor-specific information. CMake does not
interpret the contents of this field except to verify that it is a map
if it does exist. However, it should follow the same conventions as the
root-level ``vendor`` field. If vendors use their own per-preset
``vendor`` field, they should implement inheritance in a sensible manner
when appropriate.
``displayName``
An optional string with a human-friendly name of the preset.
``description``
An optional string with a human-friendly description of the preset.
``generator``
An optional string representing the generator to use for the preset. If
``generator`` is not specified, it must be inherited from the
``inherits`` preset (unless this preset is ``hidden``).
Note that for Visual Studio generators, unlike in the command line ``-G``
argument, you cannot include the platform name in the generator name. Use
the ``architecture`` field instead.
``architecture``
An optional string representing the platform name to use for Visual
Studio generators.
``toolset``
An optional string representing the toolset name to use for Visual Studio
generators.
``cmakeGeneratorConfig``
An optional string telling CMake how to handle the ``architecture`` and
``toolset`` fields. Valid values are:
``"default"``
Set the platform and toolset using the ``architecture`` and ``toolset``
fields respectively. On non-Visual Studio generators, this will result
in an error if ``architecture`` or ``toolset`` are set.
``"ignore"``
Do not set the platform or toolset at all, even on Visual Studio
generators. This is useful if, for example, a preset uses the Ninja
generator, and an IDE knows how to set up the Visual C++ environment
from the ``architecture`` and ``toolset`` fields. In that case, CMake
will ignore ``architecture`` and ``toolset``, but the IDE can use them
to set up the environment before invoking CMake.
``binaryDir``
An optional string representing the path to the output binary directory.
This field supports macro expansion. If a relative path is specified, it
is calculated relative to the source directory. If ``binaryDir`` is not
specified, it must be inherited from the ``inherits`` preset (unless this
preset is ``hidden``).
``cmakeExecutable``
An optional string representing the path to the CMake executable to use
for this preset. This is reserved for use by IDEs, and is not used by
CMake itself. IDEs that use this field should expand any macros in it.
``cacheVariables``
An optional map of cache variables. The key is the variable name, and the
value is either ``null``, a string representing the value of the variable
(which supports macro expansion), or an object with the following fields:
``type``
An optional string representing the type of the variable.
``value``
A required string representing the value of the variable. This field
supports macro expansion.
Cache variables are inherited through the ``inherits`` field, and the
preset's variables will be the union of its own ``cacheVariables`` and
the ``cacheVariables`` from all its parents. If multiple presets in this
union define the same variable, the standard rules of ``inherits`` are
applied. Setting a variable to ``null`` causes it to not be set, even if
a value was inherited from another preset.
``environment``
An optional map of environment variables. The key is the variable name,
and the value is either ``null`` or a string representing the value of
the variable. Each variable is set regardless of whether or not a value
was given to it by the process's environment. This field supports macro
expansion, and environment variables in this map may reference each
other, and may be listed in any order, as long as such references do not
cause a cycle (for example, if ``ENV_1`` is ``$env{ENV_2}``, ``ENV_2``
may not be ``$env{ENV_1}``.)
Environment variables are inherited through the ``inherits`` field, and
the preset's environment will be the union of its own ``environment`` and
the ``environment`` from all its parents. If multiple presets in this
union define the same variable, the standard rules of ``inherits`` are
applied. Setting a variable to ``null`` causes it to not be set, even if
a value was inherited from another preset.
``warnings``
An optional object specifying warnings. The object may contain the
following fields:
``dev``
An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing ``-Wdev`` or ``-Wno-dev``
on the command line. This may not be set to ``false`` if ``errors.dev``
is set to ``true``.
``deprecated``
An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing ``-Wdeprecated`` or
``-Wno-deprecated`` on the command line. This may not be set to
``false`` if ``errors.deprecated`` is set to ``true``.
``uninitialized``
An optional boolean. Setting this to ``true`` is equivalent to passing
``--warn-uninitialized`` on the command line.
``unusedVars``
An optional boolean. Setting this to ``false`` is equivalent to passing
``--no-warn-unused-cli`` on the command line.
``systemVars``
An optional boolean. Setting this to ``true`` is equivalent to passing
``--check-system-vars`` on the command line.
``errors``
An optional object specifying errors. The object may contain the
following fields:
``dev``
An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing ``-Werror=dev`` or
``-Wno-error=dev`` on the command line. This may not be set to ``true``
if ``warnings.dev`` is set to ``false``.
``deprecated``
An optional boolean. Equivalent to passing ``-Werror=deprecated`` or
``-Wno-error=deprecated`` on the command line. This may not be set to
``true`` if ``warnings.deprecated`` is set to ``false``.
As mentioned above, some fields support macro expansion. Macros are
recognized in the form ``$<macro-namespace>{<macro-name>}``. All macros are
evaluated in the context of the preset being used, even if the macro is in a
field that was inherited from another preset. For example, if the ``Base``
preset sets variable ``PRESET_NAME`` to ``${presetName}``, and the
``Derived`` preset inherits from ``Base``, ``PRESET_NAME`` will be set to
``Derived``.
It is an error to not put a closing brace at the end of a macro name. For
example, ``${sourceDir`` is invalid. A dollar sign (``$``) followed by
anything other than a left curly brace (``{``) with a possible namespace is
interpreted as a literal dollar sign.
Recognized macros include:
``${sourceDir}``
Path to the project source directory.
``${sourceParentDir}``
Path to the project source directory's parent directory.
``${presetName}``
Name specified in the preset's ``name`` field.
``${generator}``
Generator specified in the preset's ``generator`` field.
``${dollar}``
A literal dollar sign (``$``).
``$env{<variable-name>}``
Environment variable with name ``<variable-name>``. If the variable is
defined in the ``environment`` field, that value is used instead of the
value from the parent environment. If the environment variable is not
defined, this evaluates as an empty string.
Note that while Windows environment variable names are case-insensitive,
variable names within a preset are still case-sensitive. This may lead to
unexpected results when using inconsistent casing. For best results, keep
the casing of environment variable names consistent.
``$penv{<variable-name>}``
Similar to ``$env{<variable-name>}``, except that the value only comes from
the parent environment, and never from the ``environment`` field. This
allows you to prepend or append values to existing environment variables.
For example, setting ``PATH`` to ``/path/to/ninja/bin:$penv{PATH}`` will
prepend ``/path/to/ninja/bin`` to the ``PATH`` environment variable. This
is needed because ``$env{<variable-name>}`` does not allow circular
references.
``$vendor{<macro-name>}``
An extension point for vendors to insert their own macros. CMake will not
be able to use presets which have a ``$vendor{<macro-name>}`` macro, and
effectively ignores such presets. However, it will still be able to use
other presets from the same file.
CMake does not make any attempt to interpret ``$vendor{<macro-name>}``
macros. However, to avoid name collisions, IDE vendors should prefix
``<macro-name>`` with a very short (preferably <= 4 characters) vendor
identifier prefix, followed by a ``.``, followed by the macro name. For
example, the Example IDE could have ``$vendor{xide.ideInstallDir}``.
In all cases the ``<options>`` may be zero or more of the `Options`_ below.
After generating a buildsystem one may use the corresponding native
@ -813,6 +1176,11 @@ with one of the following options:
.. include:: OPTIONS_HELP.txt
To view the presets available for a project, use
.. code-block::shell
cmake <source-dir> --list-presets
See Also
========

5
Help/release/dev/cmake-presets.rst
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@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
cmake-presets
-------------
* :manual:`cmake(1)` and :manual:`cmake-gui(1)` now recognize
``CMakePresets.json`` and ``CMakeUserPresets.json`` files.
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