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using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Data;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System.Text;
using static Apewer.Source.SourceUtility;
#if NETFRAMEWORK
using System.Data.Sql;#endif
namespace Apewer.Source{
/// <summary>连接 SQL Server 数据库的客户端。</summary>
[Serializable] public class SqlClient : DbClient {
#region connection
private SqlConnection _conn = null; private string _connstr = "";
/// <summary>使用连接字符串创建数据库连接实例。</summary>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"></exception>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentException"></exception>
public SqlClient(IDbConnection connection, Timeout timeout = null) : base(timeout) { if (connection == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(connection), "指定的连接无效。");
var conn = connection as SqlConnection; if (conn == null) throw new ArgumentException(nameof(connection), "指定的连接不是支持的类型。");
_conn = conn; _connstr = conn.ConnectionString; }
/// <summary>使用连接字符串创建数据库连接实例。</summary>
public SqlClient(string connectionString, Timeout timeout = null) : base(timeout) { _connstr = connectionString ?? ""; }
/// <summary>使用连接凭据创建数据库连接实例。</summary>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"></exception>
public SqlClient(string address, string store, string user, string pass, Timeout timeout = null) : base(timeout) { if (address.IsEmpty()) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(address)); if (store.IsEmpty()) store = "master";
var cs = $"data source = {address ?? ""}; initial catalog = {store}; "; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(user)) cs += "integrated security = sspi; "; else { cs += $"user id = {user}; "; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(pass)) cs += $"password = {pass}; "; } if (timeout != null) cs += $"connection timeout = {timeout.Connect}; ";
_connstr = cs; }
#endregion
#region override
/// <summary>查询数据库中的所有表名。</summary>
public override string[] TableNames() => QueryStrings("select [name] from [sysobjects] where [type] = 'u' order by [name]");
/// <summary>查询数据库实例中的所有数据库名。</summary>
public override string[] StoreNames() => QueryStrings("select [name] from [master]..[sysdatabases] order by [name]", new string[] { "master", "model", "msdb", "tempdb" });
/// <summary>查询表中的所有列名。</summary>
public override string[] ColumnNames(string tableName) => QueryStrings($"select [name] from [syscolumns] where [id] = object_id('{TextUtility.AntiInject(tableName)}')");
/// <summary>创建表,当表不存在时创建表,当现存表中缺少模型中属性对应的列时增加列。成功时返回空字符串,发生异常时返回异常信息。</summary>
protected override string Initialize(TableStructure structure, string table) { var model = structure.Model; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(table)) table = structure.TableName;
// 检查现存表。
var exists = false; var tables = TableNames(); if (tables.Length > 0) { var lower = table.ToLower(); foreach (var tn in tables) { if (TextUtility.IsEmpty(tn)) continue; if (tn.ToLower() == lower) { exists = true; break; } } }
if (exists) { // 获取已存在的列名。
var columns = ColumnNames(table); if (columns.Length > 0) { var lower = new List<string>(); foreach (var column in columns) { if (TextUtility.IsBlank(column)) continue; lower.Add(column.ToLower()); } columns = lower.ToArray(); }
// 找出新列。
var newColumns = new List<ColumnAttribute>(); foreach (var column in structure.Columns) { // 检查 Independent 特性。
if (structure.Independent && column.Independent) continue;
// 去重。
var lower = column.Field.ToLower(); if (columns.Contains(lower)) continue;
var type = Declaration(column); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(type)) return $"类型 {column.Type} 不受支持。";
newColumns.Add(column); }
// 执行:添加列。
if (newColumns.IsEmpty()) return null; foreach (var column in newColumns) { var type = Declaration(column); var sql = $"alter table [{table}] add {type}; "; var execute = Execute(sql, null, false); if (!execute.Success) return execute.Message; }
return null; } else { var sqlcolumns = new List<string>(); var primaryKey = new List<ColumnAttribute>(); foreach (var column in structure.Columns) { // 检查 Independent 特性。
if (structure.Independent && column.Independent) continue;
var type = Declaration(column); if (!column.Independent) { if (column.Incremental) type += " identity"; if (column.PrimaryKey) { primaryKey.Add(column); type += " not null"; } }
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(type)) return TextUtility.Merge("类型 ", column.Type.ToString(), " 不受支持。"); sqlcolumns.Add(type); } if (sqlcolumns.Count < 1) return $"无法对类型 {model.FullName} 创建表:没有定义任何字段。";
// 无主键时直接建表,有主键时使用事务。
if (primaryKey.Count < 1) { // 执行建表。
var sql = TextUtility.Merge("create table [", table, "](", string.Join(", ", sqlcolumns.ToArray()), "); "); var execute = Execute(sql, null, false); if (!execute.Success) { if (ThrowAdoException) throw new SqlException(execute.Message); else return execute.Message; }
return null; } else { return this.InTransaction(() => { // 执行建表。
var sql = TextUtility.Merge("create table [", table, "](", string.Join(", ", sqlcolumns.ToArray()), "); "); var execute = Execute(sql, null, false); if (!execute.Success) { if (ThrowAdoException) throw new SqlException(execute.Message); else return execute.Message; }
// 添加主键。
var sql_pk_fields = primaryKey.Map(x => $"[{x.Field}]").Join(", "); var sql_pk = $"alter table [{table}] add constraint [pk_{table}] primary key clustered ({sql_pk_fields}) "; var execute_pk = Execute(sql_pk, null, false); if (!execute_pk.Success) { if (ThrowAdoException) throw new SqlException(execute_pk.Message); else return execute_pk.Message; }
return null; }); } } }
/// <summary>插入记录。返回错误信息。</summary>
public override string Insert(object record, string table = null, bool adjust = true) { if (record == null) return "参数无效。"; if (adjust) FixProperties(record);
var structure = TableStructure.Parse(record.GetType()); if (structure == null) return "无法解析记录模型。"; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(table)) table = structure.TableName; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(table)) return "表名称无效。";
// 排除字段。
var excluded = new List<string>(); foreach (var ca in structure.Columns) { // 排除不使用 ORM 的属性。
if (ca.Independent || ca.Incremental) excluded.Add(ca.Field); }
var ps = structure.CreateParameters(record, Parameter, excluded); var psc = ps.Length; if (psc < 1) return "数据模型不包含字段。";
var names = new List<string>(psc); var values = new List<string>(psc); foreach (var column in ps) {
names.Add($"[{column.ParameterName}]"); values.Add("@" + column.ParameterName); } var sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("insert into ", table, "(", string.Join(", ", names.ToArray()), ") "); sb.Append("values(", string.Join(", ", values.ToArray()), "); "); var sql = sb.ToString();
var execute = Execute(sql, ps, false); if (execute.Success) return null; return execute.Message; }
/// <summary>更新记录,实体中的 Key 属性不被更新。返回错误信息。</summary>
/// <remarks>不更新带有 Independent 特性的模型(缺少 Key 属性)。</remarks>
public override string Update(IRecord record, string table = null, bool adjust = true) { if (record == null) return "参数无效。"; if (adjust) { FixProperties(record); SetUpdated(record); }
var structure = TableStructure.Parse(record.GetType()); if (structure == null) return "无法解析记录模型。"; if (structure.Independent) return "无法更新带有 Independent 特性的模型。"; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(table)) table = structure.TableName; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(table)) return "表名称无效。";
// 排除字段。
var excluded = new List<string>(); if (structure.Key != null) excluded.Add(structure.Key.Field); foreach (var ca in structure.Columns) { // 排除不使用 ORM 的属性、自增属性和主键属性。
if (ca.Independent || ca.Incremental || ca.PrimaryKey || ca.NoUpdate) excluded.Add(ca.Field); }
var ps = structure.CreateParameters(record, Parameter, excluded); var psc = ps.Length; if (psc < 1) return "数据模型不包含字段。";
var items = new List<string>(); foreach (var p in ps) { var pn = p.ParameterName; items.Add($"[{pn}] = @{pn}"); } var key = record.Key.SafeKey(); var sql = $"update {table} set {string.Join(", ", items.ToArray())} where [{structure.Key.Field}]='{key}'";
var execute = Execute(sql, ps, false); if (execute.Success) return null; return execute.Message; }
/// <summary></summary>
public override string ConnectionString => _connstr;
/// <summary></summary>
protected override IDataAdapter CreateDataAdapter(IDbCommand command) => new SqlDataAdapter((SqlCommand)command);
/// <summary></summary>
protected override IDbConnection GetConnection() { if (_conn == null) _conn = new SqlConnection(_connstr); return _conn; }
/// <summary></summary>
protected override IDataParameter CreateParameter() => new SqlParameter();
/// <summary></summary>
protected override string Keys(string tableName, string keyField, string flagField, long flagValue) { if (flagValue == 0) return $"select [{keyField}] from [{tableName}]"; else return $"select [{keyField}] from [{tableName}] where [{flagField}] = {flagValue}"; }
/// <summary></summary>
protected override string Get(string tableName, string keyField, string keyValue, string flagField, long flagValue) { if (flagValue == 0) return $"select top 1 * from [{tableName}] where [{keyField}] = '{keyValue}'"; else return $"select top 1 * from [{tableName}] where [{keyField}] = '{keyValue}' and [{flagField}] = {flagValue}"; }
/// <summary></summary>
protected override string List(string tableName, string flagField, long flagValue) { if (flagValue == 0) return $"select * from [{tableName}]"; else return $"select * from [{tableName}] where [{flagField}] = {flagValue}"; }
#endregion
#region special
/// <summary>清空与指定连接关联的连接池。</summary>
public static void ClearPool(IDbConnection connection) { var special = connection as SqlConnection; if (special != null) { try { SqlConnection.ClearPool(special); } catch { } } }
/// <summary>清空与指定连接关联的连接池。</summary>
public static void ClearPool(IDbAdo instance) { var connection = instance?.Connection; if (connection != null) ClearPool(connection); }
/// <summary>清空连接池。</summary>
public static void ClearAllPools() { try { SqlConnection.ClearAllPools(); } catch { } }
/// <summary>获取列信息。</summary>
public virtual ColumnInfo[] ColumnsInfo(string tableName) { if (tableName.IsEmpty()) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(tableName)); var sql = $"select name, xtype, length from syscolumns where id = object_id('{tableName}') "; using (var query = Query(sql)) { var ab = new ArrayBuilder<ColumnInfo>(); for (var i = 0; i < query.Rows; i++) { var info = new ColumnInfo(); info.Name = query.Text(i, "name"); info.Type = XType(query.Int32(i, "xtype")); info.Length = query.Int32(i, "length"); ab.Add(info); } return ab.Export(); } }
/// <summary>创建索引。</summary>
/// <remarks>索引名称已存在或无索引字段时,不抛出异常。</remarks>
public virtual string Initialize(TableIndex index) { if (index == null) { if (ThrowAdoException) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(index)); return $"参数 {nameof(index)} 无效。"; }
// 查询索引是否存在,若存在则直接退出。
var sql1 = "select distinct i.name from sys.indexes i left join sys.all_objects o on i.object_id = o.object_id where i.name is not null and o.type = 'U' and i.is_primary_key = 0 and i.is_unique = 0"; var names = this.Column(sql1, false); var exist = names.Find(x => string.Equals(x, index.Name, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)); if (exist.NotEmpty()) return $"索引已存在。";
// 执行创建。
var fields = new List<string>(); foreach (var field in index.Fields) { if (field.Order == FieldOrder.Ascend) fields.Add($"[{field.Column.Field}]"); else fields.Add($"[{field.Column.Field}] desc"); } if (fields.IsEmpty()) return "无索引字段。";
var sql2 = $"create index {index.Name} on [{index.Table.Name}] ({fields.Join(", ")})"; var execute = Execute(sql2); if (!execute.Success) { if (ThrowAdoException) throw new SqlException(execute.Message); return execute.Message; }
return null; }
/// <summary>批量插入,必须在 DataTable 中指定表名,或指定 tableName 参数。</summary>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"></exception>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentException"></exception>
/// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>
public virtual void BulkCopy(DataTable table, string tableName = null) { // 检查 table 参数。
if (table == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(table)); if (table.Rows.Count < 1) return;
// 检查 tableName 参数。
if (tableName.IsEmpty()) tableName = table.TableName; if (tableName.IsEmpty()) throw new ArgumentException("未指定表名。");
// 连接数据库。
var connect = Connect(); if (connect.NotEmpty()) throw new Exception(connect);
// 准备参数。
var options = SqlBulkCopyOptions.Default; var trans = Transaction as SqlTransaction; if (trans == null) options |= SqlBulkCopyOptions.UseInternalTransaction;
// 批量插入。
var bc = null as SqlBulkCopy; try { bc = new SqlBulkCopy((SqlConnection)Connection, options, trans); bc.DestinationTableName = tableName; bc.BatchSize = table.Rows.Count; bc.WriteToServer(table); try { bc.Close(); } catch { } } catch (Exception ex) { try { bc.Close(); } catch { } throw ex; } }
/// <summary>创建数据库,返回错误信息。</summary>
/// <param name="name">数据库名称。</param>
/// <param name="logMaxSizeMB">日志文件的最大 MB 数,指定非正数将不限制增长。</param>
/// <returns>成功时候返回 NULL 值,失败时返回错误信息。</returns>
public virtual string CreateStore(string name, int logMaxSizeMB = 1024) { var store = name.Escape().ToTrim(); if (store.IsEmpty()) return "创建失败:未指定数据库名称。"; if (ConnectionString.IsEmpty()) return "创建失败:未指定数据库连接方式。";
using (var source = new SqlClient(ConnectionString)) { var connect = source.Connect(); if (connect.NotEmpty()) return "创建失败:" + connect;
var schema = source.Cell("select default_schema_name from sys.database_principals where type = 'S' and name=user_name()"); if (schema.IsEmpty()) return "创建失败:无法获取默认模式名称。";
var refPath = source.Cell(@"select f.physical_name path from sys.filegroups g left join sys.database_files f on f.data_space_id = g.data_space_id where g.name = 'PRIMARY' and g.type = 'FG' and g.is_default = 1 and g.filegroup_guid is null"); if (refPath.IsEmpty()) return "创建失败:无法获取文件路径。";
var win = refPath.Substring(1, 2) == ":\\"; var nix = refPath.StartsWith("/"); if (!win && !nix) return "创建失败:暂不支持该服务器。";
var mdfPath = store + ".mdf"; var ldfPath = store + ".ldf"; if (win) { var refSplit = refPath.Split('\\'); var dir = string.Join("\\", refSplit, 0, refSplit.Length - 1); mdfPath = dir + "\\" + mdfPath; ldfPath = dir + "\\" + ldfPath; } if (nix) { var refSplit = refPath.Split('/'); var dir = string.Join("/", refSplit, 0, refSplit.Length - 1); mdfPath = dir + "/" + mdfPath; ldfPath = dir + "/" + ldfPath; }
// 创建库。
var maxLog = logMaxSizeMB > 0 ? $"{logMaxSizeMB}MB" : "UNLIMITED"; var sql1 = $@"
CREATE DATABASE [{store}]ON PRIMARY( NAME = N'{store}', FILENAME = N'{mdfPath}', SIZE = 4MB, MAXSIZE = UNLIMITED, FILEGROWTH = 4MB)LOG ON( NAME = N'{store}_log', FILENAME = N'{ldfPath}', SIZE = 1MB, MAXSIZE = {maxLog}, FILEGROWTH = 1MB)COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS";
var create = source.Execute(sql1, null, false); if (!create.Success) return TextUtility.Merge("创建失败:", create.Message);
// 设置兼容性级别。
var sql2 = $"alter database [{store}] set compatibility_level = 100"; source.Execute(sql2, null, false);
// 设置恢复默认为“简单”
var sql3 = $"alter database [{store}] set recovery simple"; source.Execute(sql3, null, false);
return null; } }
static string XType(int xtype) { switch (xtype) { case 34: return "image"; case 35: return "text"; case 36: return "uniqueidentifier"; case 48: return "tinyint"; case 52: return "smallint"; case 56: return "int"; case 58: return "smalldatetime"; case 59: return "real"; case 60: return "money"; case 61: return "datetime"; case 62: return "float"; case 98: return "sql_variant"; case 99: return "ntext"; case 104: return "bit"; case 106: return "decimal"; case 108: return "numeric"; case 122: return "smallmoney"; case 127: return "bigint"; case 165: return "varbinary"; case 167: return "varchar"; case 173: return "binary"; case 175: return "char"; case 189: return "timestamp"; case 231: return "nvarchar"; case 239: return "nchar"; case 241: return "xml"; } return null; }
#if NET20 || NET40
/// <summary>枚举本地网络中的 SQL Server 实例的信息。</summary>
public static Source[] EnumerateSources() { var list = new List<Source>();
// 表中列名:ServerName、InstanceName、IsClustered、Version。
using (var table = SqlDataSourceEnumerator.Instance.GetDataSources()) { var query = new Query(table); var rows = query.Rows; list.Capacity = rows; for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) { var item = new Source(); item.ServerName = query.Text(i, "ServerName"); list.Add(item); } } return list.ToArray(); }
/// <summary>SQL Server 实例的信息。</summary>
public sealed class Source {
/// <summary></summary>
public string ServerName { get; set; }
/// <summary></summary>
public string InstanceName { get; set; }
/// <summary></summary>
public string IsClustered { get; set; }
/// <summary></summary>
public string Version { get; set; }
}
#endif
/// <summary>创建参数。</summary>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"></exception>
/// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException"></exception>
static SqlParameter Parameter(Parameter parameter) { if (parameter == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("参数无效。"); return Parameter(parameter.Name, parameter.Type, parameter.Size, parameter.Value); }
/// <summary>创建参数。</summary>
public static SqlParameter Parameter(string name, ColumnType type, int size, object value) { var vname = TextUtility.Trim(name); if (TextUtility.IsBlank(vname)) return null;
var vtype = SqlDbType.BigInt; switch (type) { case ColumnType.Boolean: vtype = SqlDbType.Bit; break; case ColumnType.Bytes: vtype = SqlDbType.Image; break; case ColumnType.Integer: vtype = SqlDbType.BigInt; break; case ColumnType.Float: vtype = SqlDbType.Float; break; case ColumnType.DateTime: vtype = SqlDbType.DateTime; break; case ColumnType.VarChar: case ColumnType.VarChar191: case ColumnType.VarCharMax: vtype = SqlDbType.VarChar; break; case ColumnType.NVarChar: case ColumnType.NVarChar191: case ColumnType.NVarCharMax: vtype = SqlDbType.NVarChar; break; case ColumnType.Text: vtype = SqlDbType.Text; break; case ColumnType.NText: vtype = SqlDbType.NText; break; default: throw new InvalidOperationException(TextUtility.Merge("类型 ", type.ToString(), " 不受支持。")); }
var vsize = size; switch (type) { case ColumnType.VarChar: vsize = NumberUtility.Restrict(vsize, 0, 8000); break; case ColumnType.NVarChar: vsize = NumberUtility.Restrict(vsize, 0, 4000); break; case ColumnType.VarChar191: case ColumnType.NVarChar191: vsize = NumberUtility.Restrict(vsize, 0, 191); break; default: vsize = 0; break; }
var vvalue = value ?? DBNull.Value; if (vvalue is string && vvalue != null && vsize > 0) { vvalue = TextUtility.Left((string)vvalue, vsize); }
var parameter = new SqlParameter(); parameter.ParameterName = vname; parameter.SqlDbType = vtype; parameter.Value = vvalue; if (vsize > 0) parameter.Size = vsize; return parameter; }
/// <summary>创建参数。</summary>
public static SqlParameter Parameter(string name, SqlDbType type, int size, object value) { if (value is string && value != null && size > 0) { value = TextUtility.Left((string)value, (int)size); }
var p = new SqlParameter(); p.ParameterName = name ?? ""; p.SqlDbType = type; p.Size = size; p.Value = value ?? DBNull.Value; return p; }
/// <summary>创建参数。</summary>
public static SqlParameter Parameter(string name, SqlDbType type, object value) { var p = new SqlParameter(); p.ParameterName = name ?? ""; p.SqlDbType = type; p.Value = value ?? DBNull.Value; return p; }
static string Declaration(ColumnAttribute column) { var type = TextUtility.Empty; var vcolumn = column; var length = Math.Max(0, vcolumn.Length); switch (vcolumn.Type) { case ColumnType.Boolean: type = "bit"; break; case ColumnType.Integer: type = "bigint"; break; case ColumnType.Float: type = "float"; break; case ColumnType.Bytes: type = "image"; break; case ColumnType.DateTime: type = "datetime"; break; case ColumnType.VarChar: type = $"varchar({Math.Min(8000, length)})"; break; case ColumnType.VarChar191: type = "varchar(191)"; break; case ColumnType.VarCharMax: type = "varchar(max)"; break; case ColumnType.Text: type = "text"; break; case ColumnType.NVarChar: type = $"nvarchar({Math.Min(4000, length)})"; break; case ColumnType.NVarChar191: type = "nvarchar(191)"; break; case ColumnType.NVarCharMax: type = "nvarchar(max)"; break; case ColumnType.NText: type = "ntext"; break; default: return TextUtility.Empty; } return $"[{vcolumn.Field}] {type}"; }
/// <summary>查询正在执行的语句,按执行时长降序排序。</summary>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException" />
/// <exception cref="SqlException" />
public static ExecutingStatement[] QueryExecutingStatement(SqlClient source, int top = 100) { if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(source));
var sql = top > 0 ? $"select top {top}" : "select"; sql = sql + @"
s.session_id, r.status, r.cpu_time, r.logical_reads, r.reads, r.writes, r.total_elapsed_time / 1000.0 as 'seconds', r.command, substring( st.text, (r.statement_start_offset / 2) + 1, ((case r.statement_end_offset when -1 then datalength(st.text) else r.statement_end_offset end - r.statement_start_offset) / 2) + 1 ) as statement_text, s.login_name, s.host_name, s.login_time, r.open_transaction_countfrom sys.dm_exec_sessions as sjoin sys.dm_exec_requests as r on r.session_id = s.session_id cross apply sys.dm_exec_sql_text(r.sql_handle) as stwhere r.session_id != @@spidorder by r.cpu_time desc";
using (var query = source.Query(sql)) { if (!query.Success) throw new SqlException(query);
var rows = query.Rows; var records = new List<ExecutingStatement>(rows); for (var i = 0; i < rows; i++) { var record = new ExecutingStatement(); record.Session = query.Int64(i, "session_id"); record.Status = query.Text(i, "status"); record.CpuTime = query.Int64(i, "cpu_time"); record.LogicalReads = query.Int64(i, "logical_reads"); record.Reads = query.Int64(i, "reads"); record.Writes = query.Int64(i, "writes"); record.ElapsedTime = query.Double(i, "seconds"); record.StatementText = query.Text(i, "statement_text"); record.LoginName = query.Text(i, "login_name"); record.HostName = query.Text(i, "host_name"); record.LoginTime = query.DateTime(i, "login_time").Value; record.OpenTransactionCount = query.Int64(i, "open_transaction_count"); records.Add(record); } return records.ToArray(); } }
#endregion
}
}
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